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ID: 300018346
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300018346

 

Record Type: concept
Gansu (Yangshao, Chinese Neolithic periods, ... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name))

 

Note: Refers to a Chinese Neolithic culture dating to ca. 3300 BCE to the beginning of the Bronze Age. It geographically covered western Shaanxi province, Gansu and Qinghai provinces, but since the most striking pottery comes from sites in Gansu, the culture takes this name. Gansu culture falls into three major phases: Majiayao (ca. 3300-ca. 2100 BCE), Banshan (ca. 2800-ca. 2300 BCE) and Machang (ca. 2000-ca. 1800 BCE). These were followed by the Qijia (ca. 2000-ca. 1600 BCE), Xindian, and Shajing phases. The finest Gansu ceramic vessels are thin-bodied and light, with a variety of boldly painted decoration. Clay was carefully selected and prepared and painted decoration was done in earth pigments probably applied with a soft brush. The most notable vessel type made during this period was the funerary urn with a wide shoulder and narrow base.
 
Terms:
Gansu (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,A)
Gansu (Spanish-P,D,U,U)
Gansu (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
Kansu (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
Western Yangshao (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
Gansu Yangshao (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
甘肅文化 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
gān sù wén huà (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
gan su wen hua (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
kan su wen hua (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  F.FL

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Styles and Periods Facet
Styles and Periods Facet
Hierarchy of Styles and Periods (hierarchy name)
.... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of <styles, periods, and cultures by region>
........ <styles, periods, and cultures by region> (G)
Hierarchy of Asian
............ Asian (G)
Hierarchy of East Asian
................ East Asian (G)
Hierarchy of Chinese (culture or style)
.................... Chinese (culture or style) (G)
Hierarchy of Chinese prehistoric cultures and periods
........................ Chinese prehistoric cultures and periods (G)
Hierarchy of Chinese Neolithic periods
............................ Chinese Neolithic periods (G)
Hierarchy of Yangshao
................................ Yangshao (G)
Hierarchy of Gansu
.................................... Gansu (G)

Additional Notes:
Chinese (traditional) ..... 指西元前約3300年至青銅器時代開始前的一種中國新石器文化,分布於陝西省西部、甘肅省、青海省,由於該文化最著名的陶器出土於甘肅遺址,故名。甘肅文化主要分為三個時期:馬家窯文化(西元前約3300年至西元前約2100年)、半山文化(西元前約2800年至西元前約2300年)、馬廠文化(西元前約2000年至西元前約1800年)。緊接其後的是齊家文化(西元前約2000年至西元前約1600年)、辛店文化、沙井文化。最精緻的甘肅陶器罐身瘦,重量輕,還有各種大膽塗繪的裝飾。黏土經過精心選擇、準備,裝飾圖案可能以軟刷沾泥土礦物顏料塗繪。這個時期最著名的容器類型是寬頸肩窄底的喪葬甕。 
Dutch ..... Verwijst naar een Chinese neolithische periode van circa 3300 v. Chr. tot aan het begin van de Bronstijd. Het gebied omvatte het westen van de provincie Shaanxi en de provincies Gansu en Qinghai, maar de cultuur heeft haar naam te danken aan het feit dat de fraaiste aardewerken voorwerpen op sites in Gansu zijn opgegraven. De Gansu-cultuur kende drie fasen: Majiayao (circa 3300-circa 2100 v. Chr.), Banshan (circa 2800-circa 2300 v. Chr.) en Machang (ca. 2000-ca. 1800 v. Chr.). Deze fasen werden gevolgd door de fasen Qijia (circa 2000-circa1600 v. Chr.), Xindian en Shajing. De fijnste keramische Gansu-houders zijn licht uitgevoerd en hebben een dunne romp, en zijn voorzien van allerlei soorten krachtig geschilderde decoraties. De klei werd zorgvuldig geselecteerd en geprepareerd, en het geschilderde decor werd uitgevoerd in aardpigmenten die vermoedelijk met een zacht penseel werden opgebracht. Het opvallendste type vaatwerk dat tijdens deze periode werd vervaardigd, was de grafurn met brede schouder en smalle voet. 
Spanish ..... Refierese a una cultura neolítica china que fecha a ca. 3300 a.C. al principio de la edad de bronce. Geográficamente cubrió la provincia occidental de Shaanxi, las provincias de Gansu y de Qinghai, pero puesto que la cerámica más llamativa viene de sitios en Gansu, la cultura toma este nombre. La cultura de Gansu cae en tres fases importantes: Majiayao (ca. 3300 ca. 2100 a.C.), Banshan (ca. 2800 ca. 2300 a.C) y Machang (ca. 2000 ca. 1800 a.C). Éstos fueron seguidos por las fases de Qijia (ca. 2000 ca. 1600 a.C.), de Xindian, y de Shajing. Los recipientes de cerámica más finos de Gansu son finos y ligeros, con una variedad de decoración audazmente pintada. La arcilla fue seleccionada y preparada y pintada cuidadosamente, la decoración fue hecha con los pigmentos de la tierra aplicados probablemente con un cepillo suave. El tipo más notable del recipiente hecho durante este período era la urna funeraria con un hombro ancho 

Sources and Contributors:
甘肅文化............  [AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
...........  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
Gansu............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred, RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred, VP Preferred]
..............  AAT-Ned (1994-)
..............  Beurdeley, Connoisseur's Guide to Chinese Ceramics (1974) 314
..............  Kunstschatten uit China (1982)
..............  Lee, History of Far Eastern Art (1982) 534
..............  Macmillan Atlas of Rugs and Carpets (1985) 192
..............  Personal Communication Julia Bailey and Robert Moury, Sackler Art Museum, 01/93; applies to many media.
..............  Pinto, Historia de las grandes Civilizaciones (1984) IV:191
..............  Random House Dictionary of the English Language (1987)
..............  Times Atlas of the World (1983)
gan su wen hua............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.............................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
gān sù wén huà............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.............................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
Gansu Yangshao............  [VP]
.............................  Grove Dictionary of Art online (1999-2002) accessed 20 Apr 2004
Kansu............  [VP]
..............  Beurdeley, Connoisseur's Guide to Chinese Ceramics (1974) 314
..............  Chang, Archaeology of Ancient China (1963) 335
..............  Eiland, Chinese and Exotic Rugs (1979) 41
..............  Lee, History of Far Eastern Art (1982) 534
..............  Personal Communication Julia Bailey & Robert Moury, Sackler Art Museum, 01/93; applies to many media.
..............  Random House Dictionary of the English Language (1987)
..............  Times Atlas of the World (1983)
..............  Webster's New Geographical Dictionary (1988)
kan su wen hua............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.............................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
Western Yangshao............  [VP]
.............................  Grove Dictionary of Art online (1999-2002) accessed 20 Apr 2004
 
Subject: .....  [AS-Academia Sinica, CDBP-SNPC, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............  Kunstschatten uit China (1982)
............  Personal Communication Carol Bier, Curator, Textile Museum, WADC, 10/92.; Kansu carpets
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Grove Dictionary of Art online (1999-2002) accessed 20 Apr 2004
Chinese (traditional) .......... [AS-Academia Sinica]
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......... Kunstschatten uit China (1982)
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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