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maiolica (tin-glazed ware, earthenware, ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: Fine tin-glazed earthenware produced in Italy. The term originally referred to the island of Majorca (or an alternate theory has it referring to Malaga), and designated only Hispano-Moresque lusterware; but since the 16th century it has been used to refer to Italian tin-glazed ware and imitations of the Italian ware. It is characterized by painted decoration of high quality executed in several colors on the dry but unfired tin glaze, generally with a final coating of clear lead glaze. The range of colors is typically limited to cobalt blue, copper green, manganese purple, antimony yellow, and iron red, with white provided by the tin-glaze material. When white is used for painting, it is applied onto a bluish-white glaze or blue ground. The luster is typically a golden color derived from silver or a mother-of-pearl effect.
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| Terms: |
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| maiolica (preferred,C,U,LC,English-P,D,L,PN)
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............ | spelled with "ai," this term is generally reserved for fine Italian ware |
| maiolica (Spanish-P,D,U,PN)
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| maiolica (Italian-P,D,U,U)
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| majolica (Italian earthenware) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| majolica (Italian earthenware) (Spanish,UF,U,SN)
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| majolica (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| 錫釉陶器 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
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| 馬約利卡陶器 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| 馬爵利卡陶 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| xí yòu táo qì (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
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| xi you tao qi (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
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| hsi yu t'ao ch'i (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
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| majolika (C,U,Norwegian (Nynorsk)-P,AD,U,SN)
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| majolika (Norwegian (Bokmål)-P,AD,U,SN)
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| mayólica (C,U,Spanish,UF,U,SN)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: V.PE |
Hierarchical Position:
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Objects Facet |
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.... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ Visual Works (hierarchy name) (G) |
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............ visual works (works) (G) |
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................ <visual works by material or technique> (G) |
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.................... ceramic ware (visual works) (G) |
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........................ pottery (visual works) (G) |
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............................ earthenware (G) |
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................................ tin-glazed ware (G) |
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.................................... maiolica (G) |
Additional Parents:
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Objects Facet |
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.... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ Visual Works (hierarchy name) (G) |
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............ visual works (works) (G) |
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................ <visual works by material or technique> (G) |
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.................... ceramic ware (visual works) (G) |
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........................ pottery (visual works) (G) |
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............................ <pottery by kiln, location, or style> (G) |
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................................ maiolica (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Chinese (traditional) ..... 指一種錫釉陶器，特別是指生產於義大利者。此種陶器名最初是指涉馬霍卡島（island of Majorca），也有另一種論述認為是指涉馬拉加（Malaga），而此詞彙專指西班牙摩爾（Hispano-Moresque）光瓷。然而自西元十六世紀起，此詞即用以指稱義大利生產之錫釉陶器及其仿製品。其特徵是在已乾之錫釉入窯烘燒之前繪上彩圖裝飾，飾圖質感極佳、色彩繽紛，通常最後還覆上清透的鉛釉塗層。此種陶器的色彩範圍通常限於鈷藍、銅綠、錳紫、銻黃和鐵紅，而白色則為錫釉本身的顏色。底材為泛藍色的白釉或藍色的時候，會使用白色顏料繪製圖飾。陶器可能呈現如彩虹般的珍珠光澤，也可能因為含銀而泛金色光澤。 |
| Dutch ..... Verwijst naar aardewerk met tinglazuur, met name aardewerk dat werd vervaardigd in Italië. De term verwees oorspronkelijk naar het eiland Mallorca (of, volgens een alternatieve theorie, naar Malaga), en sloeg alleen op Spaans-Moors lustrewerk; maar sinds de 16de eeuw verwijst de term vooral naar Italiaans aardewerk met tinglazuur en imitaties van het Italiaanse aardewerk. Het wordt gekenmerkt door schilderingen van hoge kwaliteit, uitgevoerd in verschillende kleuren in het droge maar nog niet gebakken tinglazuur, in het algemeen met een bovenlaag van doorzichtig loodglazuur. De gebruikte kleuren zijn gewoonlijk beperkt tot kobaltblauw, kopergroen, mangaanpaars, antimoniumgeel en ijzerrood, waarbij het tinglazuur voor een witte kleur zorgde. Wanneer wit wordt gebruikt voor de schilderingen, wordt het aangebracht op een blauwachtig-witte glazuurlaag of een blauwe basislaag. Het metaalglazuur heeft gewoonlijk een gouden kleur die het resultaat is van een zilver- of paarlemoereffect. |
| Spanish ..... Alude a loza esmaltada con estaño, particularmente aquella loza producida en Italia. Originalmente el término se refería a la Isla de Mallorca y denominaba solo a la cerámica con lustre metálico Hispano- Morisca, pero desde el siglo XVI ha sido usada para referirse a la loza esmaltada con estaño italiana y sus imitaciones. Se caracteriza por una decoración pintada de alta calidad ejecutada en varios colores sobre la cerámica esmaltada con estaño seca, pero no quemada, generalmente con una capa f |
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Related concepts: |
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| created by .... |
majolicists |
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(ceramicists, <people in crafts and trades by material>, ... People (hierarchy name)) [300443920] |
| distinguished from .... |
delftware |
| .................................. |
(tin-glazed ware, earthenware, ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)) [300140808] |
| distinguished from .... |
faience (earthenware) |
| .................................. |
(tin-glazed ware, earthenware, ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)) [300010668] |
| distinguished from .... |
lusterware |
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(earthenware, pottery (visual works), ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)) [300233431] |
| distinguished from .... |
mezza-maiolica |
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(earthenware, pottery (visual works), ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)) [300263781] |
| made of/require .... |
tin glaze |
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(<ceramic glaze by composition or origin>, ceramic glaze, ... Materials (hierarchy name)) [300233436] |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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| majolica (Italian earthenware)............ |
[AAT-Ned Preferred, CDBP-SNPC, GCI Preferred, VP] |
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AAT-Ned (1994-) |
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AATA database (2002-) 125851 checked 26 January 2012 |
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Fleming and Honour, Diccionario de Artes Decorativas (1987) 508 |
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Fleming y Honour, Diccionario de Artes Decorativas (1987) 508 |
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Harris and Hess, Looking at European Ceramics (1993) 56 |
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Lucie-Smith, Thames & Hudson Dictionary of Art Terms (1986) |
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RILA, Subject Headings (1975-1990) they use Majolica for everything, even Medieval |
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Terraroli, Italian Art Ceramics: 1900-1950 (2007) 230 |
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Tesauro de Arte & Arquitectura (TAA) [online] (2000-) |
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