ID: 700000103 Page link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/cona/700000103	Record Type: Movable Work
Images: 1

Portrait of a Halberdier (Francesco Guardi?) (painting (visual work); Pontormo (Italian, 1494-1557); ca. 1528/1530; J. Paul Getty Museum at the Getty Center (Los Angeles, Los A...; 89.PA.49)

Note: Pontormo's elongated, oval forms and refined play of color is prototypical of Mannerist portraiture. Standing before a fortress wall, this well-dressed foot soldier holds a combination spear and battle-ax called a halberd. His direct stare and swaggering pose are strikingly poignant, given the smooth unlined face and slim body that betray him as no more than a teenager. As a portraitist, Jacopo Pontormo was renowned for his subtle, complex psychological studies; here he conveyed the naive arrogance and vulnerability of youth. Court painter to Duke Cosimo de' Medici, Pontormo pioneered the Mannerist style in Florence, initiating a new, sophisticated type of portraiture in which elegance and aristocratic reserve play key roles. The sitter's identity has been much discussed. The Florentine painter Giorgio Vasari noted that during the siege of Florence in about 1528 Pontormo painted a "most beautiful work," a portrait of young nobleman Francesco Guardi as a soldier. Francesco's birthdate of 1514 would make him about the age of Pontormo's teenage sitter. Based on a Florentine inventory, Cosimo de' Medici himself has also been suggested as the painting's subject. Based on a Florentine inventory, Cosimo I de' Medici himself had formerly been suggested as the painting's subject.

Titles:

Portrait of a Halberdier (Francesco Guardi?) (preferred,C,U,RP,English-P,U,U)

Portrait of a Halberdier (probably Francesco Guardi) (C,U,RD,English,U,U)

Portrait of Cosimo I de'Medici (C,U,FO,English,U,U)

Catalog Level: item

Work Types:

painting (visual work) [300033618] (preferred)

..... (Objects Facet, Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name), Visual Works (hierarchy name), visual works (works), <visual works by material or technique>)

Classifications:

paintings (preferred)

European art

Creation Date: ca. 1528/1530

Creator Display:

Pontormo (Italian, 1494-1557) [preferred,VP]

Pontormo (Jacopo Carucci) (Italian (Florentine), 1494 - 1557) (Italian Artist) [,JPGM]

painter Pontormo (Italian painter and draftsman, 1494-1557) Extent: undetermined [500008780]

Locations:

Current: J. Paul Getty Museum at the Getty Center (Los Angeles, Los Angeles county, California, United States) [500329598] J. Paul Getty Museum, J. Paul Getty Trust, Corporate Bodies (Corp. Body)

Repository Numbers: 89.PA.49

Other: Creation: Italia [1000080] Europe (continent), World (facet) (Geographic)

Display Materials: Oil (or oil and tempera) on panel transferred to canvas

	oil paint (paint) [300015050]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (hierarchy name), materials (substances), <materials by function>, coating (material), <coating by form>, paint (coating), <paint by composition or origin>)

	tempera [300015062]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (hierarchy name), materials (substances), <materials by function>, coating (material), <coating by form>, paint (coating), <paint by composition or origin>, water-base paint)

	panel (wood by form) [300014657]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (hierarchy name), materials (substances), <materials by origin>, biological material, plant material, <wood and wood by product>, wood (plant material), <wood by form or function>)

	canvas (textile material) [300014078]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (hierarchy name), materials (substances), <materials by form>, <materials by physical form>, <fiber and fiber by product>, <fiber by product>, textile materials, <textile materials by process or technique>)

	oil paint (paint) [300015050]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (hierarchy name), materials (substances), <materials by function>, coating (material), <coating by form>, paint (coating), <paint by composition or origin>)

	tempera [300015062]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (hierarchy name), materials (substances), <materials by function>, coating (material), <coating by form>, paint (coating), <paint by composition or origin>, water-base paint)

	panel (wood by form) [300014657]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (hierarchy name), materials (substances), <materials by origin>, biological material, plant material, <wood and wood by product>, wood (plant material), <wood by form or function>)

Dimensions: 95.3 × 73 cm (37 1/2 × 28 3/4 in.)

Cultures:

European (preferred)

Florentine

Style/Period/Group/Movement:

	Mannerist (Renaissance-Baroque style) [300021144] (preferred,N/A)
	.....(Styles and Periods Facet, Styles and Periods (hierarchy name), <styles| periods| and cultures by region>, European, <Renaissance-Baroque styles and periods>, Renaissance-Baroque styles)

General Subject:

portraits (preferred)

Specific Subjects:

	Francesco Guardi (Italian noble, born 1514) [500312969]
	.....(Non-Artists) (ULAN)

	noble (aristocrat) [300236022]
	.....(Agents Facet, People (hierarchy name), people (agents), <people by state or condition>, aristocrats) (AAT)

	halberdier [300343685]
	.....(Agents Facet, People (hierarchy name), people (agents), <people by occupation>, <people in military occupations>, soldiers) (AAT)

	Cosimo I de' Medici (Italian grand duke, patron, 1519-1574) [500125867]
	.....(Non-Artists) (ULAN)

List/Hierarchical Position:

..... Movable Works

.......... Movable Works by class: drawings, paintings, prints, other two-dimensional media

Sources and Contributors:
Portrait of a Halberdier (Francesco Guardi?)	........ [VP,JPGM]
	........ J. Paul Getty Museum database for collections (2000-)
Portrait of a Halberdier (probably Francesco Guardi)	........ [JPGM,VP]
	........ J. Paul Getty Museum database for collections (2000-)
Portrait of Cosimo I de'Medici	........ [VP]
	........ J. Paul Getty Museum, collections online (2000-)

Subject: ....... [VP,JPGM]

Note:
English	..... [VP]
	..... The J. Paul Getty Museum, Handbook of the collections (1991) accessed 1 March 2018