ID: 700002972 Page link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/cona/700002972	Record Type: Built Work
Images: 1 2 3

Saint Andrews Castle (castle (fortification); unknown architect, construction began under Bishop Roger de ...; ca. 1200, recconstructed ca. 1...; Saint Andrews (Fife, Scotland, United Kingdom, Europe, World...)

Note: This site was fortified by the 1100s, and from around 1200 it was adopted as the main residence of the bishops and archbishops of St Andrews. Constructed as the official residence of Bishop Roger at the beginning of the 13th-century, it later served as the episcopal residence for bishops and archbishops. During the Wars of Independence with England, the castle suffered significant damage and was substantially rebuilt by Bishop Walter Trail. The castle was a noteworthy site during the 16th century leading up to the Scottish Reformation, including the burning of Protestant preacher George Wishart, the murder of Cardinal Beaton, and the great siege of 1546-1547. The castle was further repaired by Archbishop John Hamilton, who was later hanged for his opposition to the 1560 Protestant Reformation. The abolition of episcopacy in 1592 effectively caused the abandonment of the castle and it fell rapidly into ruin. In 1801 the great hall fell into the sea and further losses continued until the construction of a sea wall in 1886.The floor plan includes a sea tower (late 14th century, reconstructed after the seige of 1546-7), fore tower (ca. 1390), chapel range, well, and late 14th-century kitchen tower.

Titles:

Saint Andrews Castle (preferred,C,U,English-P,U,U)

St. Andrews Castle (C,U,English,U,U)

St Andrews Castle (C,U,English,U,U)

Catalog Level: item

Work Types:

castle (fortification) [300006891] (preferred)

..... (Objects Facet, Built Environment (hierarchy name), Single Built Works (hierarchy name), single built works (built environment), <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by function>, fortifications (built environment))

ruins [300008057]

..... (Objects Facet, Built Environment (hierarchy name), Single Built Works (hierarchy name), single built works (built environment), <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by condition>)

prison (building) [300006460]

..... (Objects Facet, Built Environment (hierarchy name), Single Built Works (hierarchy name), single built works (built environment), <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by function>, institutional buildings, correctional institutions (buildings))

Classifications:

architecture (preferred)

Creation Date: ca. 1200, recconstructed ca. 1385-1401

Creator Display:

unknown architect, construction began under Bishop Roger de Beaumont (Roman catholic bishop of Saint Andrews, died 1202), rebuilt under Bishop Walter Trail (Roman Catholic bishop, born before 1345, died 1401) and later by Archbishop John Hamilton (Roman Catholic archbishop, born 1510 or 1511, died 1571) [preferred,VP]

architect unknown (unknown cultural designation) Extent: execution [500125274]

overseer Trail, Walter (Roman Catholic bishop of Saint Andrews, born before 1345, died 1401) [500356827]

overseer Hamilton, John (Roman Catholic archbishop of Saint Andrews, born 1510 or 1511, died 1571) [500356828]

overseer Beaumont, Roger de (Roman catholic bishop of Saint Andrews, died 1202) Extent: execution [500356853]

Locations:

Current: Saint Andrews [7009562] Fife (unitary authority), Scotland (country), United Kingdom (nation), Europe (continent), World (facet) (Geographic)

Display Materials: stonemasonry

	stone (worked rock) [300011176]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (hierarchy name), materials (substances), <materials by composition>, inorganic material, rock (inorganic material), <rock by form>)

	stonemasonry [300386948]
	.......(Activities Facet, Processes and Techniques (hierarchy name), <processes and techniques by specific type>, <processes and techniques by material>, stone-working)

	towers (building divisions) [300003615]
	.......(Objects Facet, Components (hierarchy name), components (objects parts), <components by specific context>, building divisions)

Dimensions: unavailable

Events:

abandonment: 1592

Cultures:

British (preferred)

Scottish (Scots, Scotsman)

General Subject:

architecture (preferred,isness)

Specific Subjects:

	fortification [300006888]
	.....(Objects Facet, Built Environment (hierarchy name), Single Built Works (hierarchy name), single built works (built environment), <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by function>) (AAT)

List/Hierarchical Position:

..... Built Works

.......... Built Works by class: fortifications, transportation, bridges, barriers, military, and engineering works

Sources and Contributors:
Saint Andrews Castle	........ [VP]
	........ Getty Vocabulary Program rules
St. Andrews Castle	........ [JPGM,VP]
	........ Canmore [online] (2015-) accessed 5 February 2015
	........ Historic Scotland Listed Buildings (2015-) accessed 5 February 2015
	........ J. Paul Getty Museum, collections online (2000-) accessed 5 February 2015
St Andrews Castle	........ [VP]
	........ Gifford, Fife (1998) 369

Subject: ....... [JPGM,VP]

....................... Gifford, Fife (1998) 369-370

....................... Historic Scotland Listed Buildings (2015-) accessed 5 February 2015

Note:
English	..... [VP]
	..... Gifford, Fife (1998) 369-370
	..... Historic Scotland Listed Buildings (2015-) accessed 5 February 2015